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Corporate Governance Report

Ryanair has its primary listing on the Irish Stock Exchange, a standard listing on the London Stock Exchange and its American Depositary Shares are listed on the NASDAQ. The directors are committed to maintaining the highest standards of corporate governance and this statement describes how Ryanair has applied the main and supporting principles of the 2010 UK Corporate Governance Code (the 2010 Code) which for Ryanair, replaced the June 2008 Combined Code on Corporate Governance with effect from April 1 2011. This Report also covers the disclosure requirements set out in the corporate governance annex to the listing rules of the Irish Stock Exchange, which supplements the 2010 Code with additional corporate governance provisions and is also applicable to Ryanair, from April 1, 2011.

A copy of the 2010 Code can be obtained from the FRC’s website, www.frc.org.uk. The Irish Corporate Governance Annex is available on the Irish Stock Exchange’s website, www.ise.ie.

The Board of Directors

Roles

The Board of Ryanair is responsible for the leadership, strategic direction and overall management of the Group. The Board’s primary focus is on strategy formulation, policy and control. It has a formal schedule of matters specifically reserved to it for its attention, including matters such as appointment of senior management, approval of the annual budget, large capital expenditure, and key strategic decisions.

The Board has delegated responsibility for the management of the Group to the Chief Executive and executive management.

There is a clear division of responsibilities between the Chairman and the Chief Executive, which is set out in writing and has been approved by the Board.

Chairman

Mr. David Bonderman has served as the chairman of the Board since December 1996. The Chairman’s primary responsibility is to lead the Board, to ensure that it has a common purpose, is effective as a group and at individual director level and that it upholds and promotes high standards of integrity and corporate governance. He ensures that Board agendas cover the key strategic issues confronting the Group; that the Board reviews and approves management’s plans for the Group; and that directors receive accurate, timely, clear and relevant information.

The Chairman is the link between the Board and the Company. He is specifically responsible for establishing and maintaining an effective working relationship with the Chief Executive, for ensuring effective and appropriate communications with shareholders and for ensuring that members of the Board develop and maintain an understanding of the views of shareholders.

While Mr. David Bonderman holds a number of other directorships (See details on page 96), the Board considers that these do not interfere with the discharge of his duties to Ryanair.

Senior Independent Director

The Board has appointed Mr. James Osborne as the Senior Independent Director. Mr. James Osborne is available to shareholders who have concerns that cannot be addressed through the Chairman, Chief Executive or Chief Financial Officer and leads the annual Board review of the performance of the Chairman.

Company Secretary

The appointment and removal of the Company Secretary is a matter for the Board. All directors have access to the advice and services of the Company Secretary, who is responsible to the Board for ensuring that Board procedures are complied with.

Membership

The Board consists of one executive and eight non-executive directors. It is the practice of Ryanair that a majority of the Board comprises non-executive Directors, considered by the Board to be independent, and that the Chairman is non-executive. The Board considers the current size and composition of the Board to be within a range which is appropriate. Significant new and relevant experience has been added in the period since the year ended March 31, 2011. The composition of the Board and the principal Board Committees are set out in the table below. Brief biographies of the directors are set out on page 96. The Board, with the assistance of the Nomination Committee, keeps Board composition under review to ensure that it includes the necessary mix of relevant skills and experience required to perform its role.

Each director has extensive business experience, which they bring to bear in governing the Company. The Board considers that, between them, the directors bring the range of skills, knowledge and experience, including international experience, necessary to lead the Company. The Company has a Chairman with an extensive background in this industry, and significant public company experience. Historically, the Company has always separated the roles of Chairman and Chief Executive for the running of the business and implementation of the Board’s strategy and policy.

* Kyran McLaughlin retired from the Audit Committee from December 2011.

** Charles McCreevy was appointed to the Audit Committee effective January 2012.

***Declan McKeon was appointed as Chairman of the Audit Committee effective December 2011.

Appointment

Directors can only be appointed following selection by the Nomination Committee and approval by the Board and must be elected by the shareholders at the Annual General Meeting following their appointment. Ryanair’s Articles of Association require that all of the directors retire and offer themselves for re-election within a three-year period. One third (rounded down to the next whole number if it is a fractional number) of the directors (being the directors who have been longest in office) will retire by rotation and be eligible for re-election at every Annual General Meeting. Accordingly Mr. Michael Horgan and Mr. Kyran McLaughlin will be retiring, and will be eligible to offer themselves for re-election at the AGM on September 21, 2012. Mr. Paolo Pietrogrande will also be retiring, but will not be offering himself for re-election at the next AGM.

In accordance with the recommendations of the 2010 Code, Mr. Declan McKeon is Chairman of the Audit Committee and Mr. James Osborne, the senior non-executive director, is Chairman of the Remuneration Committee.

Senior Management regularly briefs the Board including new members in relation to operating, financial and strategic issues concerning the Company. The Board also have direct access to senior management as required in relation to any issues they have concerning the operation of the Company. The terms and conditions of appointment of non-executive directors are set out in their letters of appointment, which are available for inspection at the Company’s registered office during normal office hours and at the Annual General Meeting of the Company.

Independence

The Board has carried out its annual evaluation of the independence of each of its non-executive directors, taking account of the relevant provisions of the 2010 Code, namely, whether the directors are independent in character and judgement and free from relationships or circumstances which are likely to affect, or could appear to affect, the directors’ judgment. The Board regards all of the directors as independent and that no one individual or one grouping exerts an undue influence on others.

The Board has considered Mr. Kyran McLaughlin's independence given his role as Deputy Chairman and Head of Capital Markets at Davy Stockbrokers. Davy Stockbrokers are one of Ryanair's corporate brokers and provide corporate advisory services to Ryanair from time to time. The Board has considered the fees paid to Davy Stockbrokers for these services and believe that they are immaterial to both Ryanair and Davy Stockbrokers given the size of each organisation's business operations and financial results. Having considered this relationship, the Board has concluded that Mr. Kyran McLaughlin continues to be an independent non-executive director within the spirit and meaning of the 2010 Code Rules.

The Board has also considered the independence of Mr. David Bonderman given his shareholding in Ryanair Holdings plc. As at March, 31 2012, Mr. David Bonderman had a beneficial shareholding in the Company of 9,230,671 ordinary shares, equivalent to 0.63% of the issued share capital. Having considered this shareholding in light of the number of issued shares in Ryanair Holdings plc and the financial interest of the director, the Board has concluded that the interest is not so material as to breach the spirit of the independence rule contained in the 2010 Code.

The Board has further considered the independence of Mr. David Bonderman, Mr. James Osborne, Mr. Kyran McLaughlin, Mr. Michael Horgan, Mr. Klaus Kirchberger and Mr. Paolo Pietrogrande as they have each served more than nine years on the Board. The Board considers that each of these directors is independent in character and judgment as each has other significant commercial and professional commitments and each brings his own level of senior experience gained in their fields of international business and professional practice. When arriving at this decision, the Board has taken into account the comments made by the FRC in their report dated December, 2009 on their review of the impact and effectiveness of the 2010 Code, in particular their comment that independence is not the primary consideration when assessing the composition of the Board, and that the over-riding consideration should be that the Board is fit for purpose. For these reasons, and also because each director’s independence is considered annually by the Board, the Board considers it appropriate that these directors have not been offered for annual re-election as is recommended by the 2010 Code.

Board Procedures

All directors have access to the advice and services of the Company Secretary and the Board has established a procedure whereby directors wishing to obtain advice in the furtherance of their duties may take independent professional advice at the Company’s expense.

Directors meet with key executives with a particular focus on ensuring non-executive directors are fully informed on issues of relevance to Ryanair and its operations. Extensive papers on key business issues are provided to all directors in connection with the Board meetings. All directors are encouraged to update and refresh their skills and knowledge, for example, through attending courses on technical areas or external briefings for non-executive directors.

The Company has Directors & Officers liability insurance in place in respect of any legal actions taken against the directors in the course of the exercise of their duties. New non-executive directors are encouraged to meet the executive director and senior management for briefing on the Company’s developments and plans.

Meetings

The Board meets at least on a quarterly basis and in the year to March 31, 2012 the Board met on nine occasions. Individual attendance at these meetings is set out in the table on page 22. Detailed Board papers are circulated in advance so that Board members have adequate time and information to be able to participate fully at the meeting.

The holding of detailed regular Board meetings and the fact that many matters require Board approval, indicate that the running of the Company is firmly in the hands of the Board. The non-executive directors meet periodically without executives being present. Led by the senior independent director, the non-executive directors will meet without the chairman present at least annually to appraise the chairman’s performance and on such other occasions as are deemed appropriate.

Remuneration

Details of remuneration paid to the directors are set out in Note 19 to the consolidated Financial Statements on pages 174 to 176. Also, please see the Report of the Remuneration Committee on Directors’ Remuneration on page 27.

Non-executive directors

Non-executive directors are remunerated by way of directors’ fees and share options. While the 2010 Code notes that the remuneration of the non-executive director should not include share options, the Board believes that the quantum of options granted to non-executive directors is not so significant as to raise any issue concerning their independence. Mr. Michael Horgan is remunerated on a consultancy basis on safety issues and also by way of share options.

Full details are disclosed in Note 19(b) and 19(d) on pages 175 to 176 of the consolidated financial statements.

Executive director remuneration

The Chief Executive of the Company is the only executive director on the Board. In addition to his base salary he is eligible for a performance bonus of up to 50% of salary and other bonuses dependent upon the achievement of certain financial targets and a pension. It is considered that the shareholding of the Chief Executive acts to align his interests with those of shareholders and gives him a keen incentive to perform to the highest levels.

Full details of the executive director’s remuneration are set out in Note 19(a) on page 175 of the consolidated financial statements.

Share Ownership and Dealing

Details of the directors’ interests in Ryanair shares are set out in Note 19(d) on page 174 of the consolidated financial statements.

The Board has adopted The Model Code, as set out in the Listing Rules of the Irish Stock Exchange and the UK Listing Authority, as the code of dealings applicable to dealings in Ryanair shares by directors and relevant Company employees. The code of dealing also includes provisions which are intended to ensure compliance with US securities laws and regulations of the NASDAQ National market. Under the policy, directors are required to obtain clearance from the Chairman or Chief Executive before dealing in Ryanair shares, whilst relevant Company employees must obtain clearance from designated senior management and are prohibited from dealing in the shares during prohibited periods as defined by the Listing Rules and at any time at which the individual is in possession of inside information (as defined in the Market Abuse (Directive 2003/6/EC) Regulations 2005).

Board Succession and Structure

The Board plans for its own succession with guidance from the Nomination Committee. The Nomination Committee regularly review the structure, size and composition (including the skills, knowledge and experience) required of the Board compared to its current position with regard to the strategic needs of Ryanair and recommends changes to the Board. The Nomination Committee consider candidates for the Board on merit and against objective criteria to ensure that candidates have the skills, knowledge and expertise required by the Board, taking care that appointees have enough time available to devote to the position.

The Board currently comprises of nine directors, Chief Executive Officer Mr. Michael O’ Leary is the only executive director. The eight non-executive directors include Chairman Mr. David Bonderman. Biographies of all current directors are set out on pages 96 of this report. Ryanair considers that the Board has the correct balance and depth of skills, knowledge, expertise and experience to optimally lead the Company and that all directors give adequate time to the performance of their duties and responsibilities.

Ryanair considers that all directors discharge their directorial duties with the objectivity and impartiality they have demonstrated since commencing their respective roles and has determined that each of the non-executive Directors is independent. In reaching that conclusion, Ryanair considered the character, judgement, objectivity and integrity of each director and had due regard for the 2010 Code. Ryanair continually endeavors to maintain the quality and independence of its Board. Two new independent directors Mr. Charles McCreevy and Mr. Declan McKeon were appointed in May 2010.

Board Committees

The Board of Directors has established a number of committees, including the following:

Executive Committee

The Board of Directors established the Executive Committee in August 1996. The Executive Committee can exercise the powers exercisable by the full Board of Directors in circumstances in which action by the Board of Directors is required but it is impracticable to convene a meeting of the full Board of Directors. Messrs. David Bonderman, Michael O’Leary, Kyran McLaughlin and James Osborne are the members of the Executive Committee.

Audit Committee

The Board of Directors established the Audit Committee in September 1996. The Audit Committee currently comprises three independent non-executive directors, Mr. Declan McKeon (Chairman), Mr. Charles McCreevy and Mr. James Osborne, considered by the Board to be independent. The Board has determined that Mr. Declan McKeon is the Committee’s financial expert.

The Committee met six times during the year ended March 31, 2012. Individual attendance at these meetings is set out in the table on page 22. It can be seen from the director biographies, appearing on page 96, that the members of the Committee bring to it a wide range of experience and expertise. The Chief Financial Officer, Finance Director, Financial Controller, Company Secretary and the Head of Internal Audit normally attend meetings of the Committee. The external auditors attend as required and have direct access to the Committee Chairman at all times. The Committee also meets separately at least once a year with the external auditors and with the Head of Internal Audit without executive management being present.

The role and responsibilities of the Audit Committee are set out in its written terms of reference, which are available on the Company’s website www.ryanair.com, and include:

• monitoring the integrity of the financial statements of the Company and any formal announcements relating to the Company’s financial performance, profit guidance and reviewing significant financial reporting judgments contained in them;
• reviewing the interim and annual financial statements before submission to the Board;
• reviewing the effectiveness of the Group’s internal financial controls and risk management systems;
• monitoring and reviewing the effectiveness of the Company’s Internal auditors;
• considering and making recommendations to the Board in relation to the appointment, reappointment and removal of the external auditors and approving their terms of engagement;
• making recommendations concerning the engagement of independent chartered accountants; reviewing with the accountants the plans for and scope of each annual audit, the audit procedures to be utilised and the results of the audit;
• approving the remuneration of the external auditors, whether fees for audit or non audit services, and ensuring the level of fees is appropriate to enable an adequate audit to be conducted;
• assessing annually the independence and objectivity of the external auditors and the effectiveness of the audit process, taking into consideration relevant professional and regulatory requirements and the relationship with the external auditors as a whole, including the provision of any non audit services; and
• reviewing the Group’s arrangements for its employees to raise concerns, in confidence, about possible wrongdoing in financial reporting or other matters and ensuring that these arrangements allow proportionate and independent investigation of such matters and appropriate follow up action.

These responsibilities of the Committee are discharged in the following ways:

• The Committee reviews the interim and annual reports as well as any formal announcements relating to the financial statements and guidance before submission to the Board. The review focuses particularly on any changes in accounting policy and practices, major judgmental areas and compliance with stock exchange, legal and regulatory requirements. The Committee receives reports at the meeting from the external auditors identifying any accounting or judgmental issues requiring its attention;
• The Committee also meets with external auditors to review the Annual Report, which is filed annually with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission;
• The Committee regularly reviews Turnbull Risk management reports completed by management;
• The Committee conducts an annual assessment of the operation of the Group’s system of internal control based on a detailed review carried out by the internal audit department. The results of this assessment are reviewed by the Committee and are reported to the Board;
• The Committee makes recommendations to the Board in relation to the appointment of the external auditor. Each year, the Committee meets with the external auditor and reviews their procedures and the safeguards which have been put in place to ensure their objectivity and independence in accordance with regulatory and professional requirements;
• The Committee reviews and approves the external audit plan and the findings from the external audit of the financial statements;
• On a semi annual basis, the Audit Committee receives an extensive report from the Head of Internal Audit detailing the reviews performed during the year and a risk assessment of the company;
• The Head of Internal Audit also reports to the Committee on other issues including, in the year under review, updates in relation to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act 2002 and the arrangements in place to enable employees to raise concerns, in confidence, in relation to possible wrongdoing in financial reporting or other matters. (A copy of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act 2002 can be obtained from the United States Securities and Exchange Commission’s website, www.sec.gov); and
• The Committee has a process in place to ensure the independence of the audit is not compromised, which includes monitoring the nature and extent of services provided by the external auditors through its annual review of fees paid to the external auditors for audit and non-audit work. Details of the amounts paid to the external auditors during the year for audit and other services are set out in note 19 on page 172.

In accordance with the recommendations of the 2010 Code, an independent non-executive director, Mr. Declan McKeon, is the chairman of the Audit Committee. All members of the Audit Committee are independent for purposes of the listing rules of the NASDAQ and the U.S. federal securities laws.

The terms of Reference of the Audit Committee are reviewed annually.

Remuneration Committee

The Board of Directors established the Remuneration Committee in September 1996. This committee has authority to determine the remuneration of senior executives of the Company and to administer the stock option plans described below. Senior Management remuneration is comprised of a fixed basic pay and performance related bonuses which are awarded based on a combination of the achievement of individual objectives and the Company’s financial performance. The Board of Directors as a whole determines the remuneration and bonuses of the Chief Executive Officer, who is the only executive director. Messrs. James Osborne, Paolo Pietrogrande and Klaus Kirchberger are the members of the Remuneration Committee.

The role and responsibilities of the Remuneration Committee are set out in its written terms of reference, which are available on the Company’s website www.ryanair.com. The terms of Reference of the Remuneration Committee are reviewed annually.

Nomination Committee

Messrs. David Bonderman, Michael O’Leary and Kyran McLaughlin are the members of the Nomination Committee. The Nomination Committee assists the Board in ensuring that the composition of the Board and its Committees is appropriate to the needs of the Company by:

• assessing the skills, knowledge, experience and diversity required on the Board and the extent to which each are represented;
• establishing processes for the identification of suitable candidates for appointment to the Board; and
• overseeing succession planning for the Board and senior management.

The role and responsibilities of the Nomination Committee are set out in its written terms of reference, which are available on the Company’s website www.ryanair.com. The terms of Reference of the Nomination committee are reviewed annually.

Air Safety Committee

The Board of Directors established the Air Safety Committee in March 1997 to review and discuss air safety and related issues. The Air Safety Committee reports to the full Board of Directors each quarter. The Air Safety Committee is composed of Mr. Michael Horgan (who acts as the chairman), as well as the following executive officers of Ryanair: Messrs. Ray Conway, Michael Hickey, David O’Brien and Edward Wilson.

Code of Business Conduct

Ryanair’s standards of integrity and ethical values have been established and are documented in Ryanair’s Code of Business Conduct. This code is applicable to all Ryanair employees. There are established channels for reporting code violations or other concerns in a confidential manner. The Head of Internal Audit investigates any instances and reports findings directly to the Audit Committee. The Code is available on the Company’s website, www.ryanair.com.

Attendance at Board and Committee meetings during the year ended 31 March 2012:

* Kyran McLaughlin retired from the Audit Committee from December 2011.

** Charles McCreevy was appointed to the Audit Committee effective January 2012.

Performance Evaluation

The Board has established a formal process to annually evaluate the performance of the Board, that of its principal Committees, the Audit, Nomination and Remuneration committees, and that of the Chief Executive, the Chairman and individual non-executive directors. The Board anticipates that the formal evaluation will be completed yearly. Based on the evaluation process completed, the Board considers that the principal Committees have performed effectively throughout the year. As part of the Board evaluation of its own performance, questionnaires are circulated to all directors. The questionnaire is designed to obtain directors’ comments regarding the performance of the Board, the effectiveness of Board communications, the ability of directors to contribute to the development of strategy and the effectiveness with which the Board monitors risk and oversees Ryanair’s progress. Directors are also invited to make recommendations for improvement

The Chairman, on behalf of the Board, reviews the evaluations of performance of the non-executive directors on an annual basis. The non-executive directors, led by the Senior Independent Director, meet annually without the Chairman present to evaluate his performance, having taken into account the views of the executive director. The non-executive directors also evaluate the performance of the executive director. These evaluations are designed to determine whether each director continues to contribute effectively and to demonstrate commitment to the role.

The Audit, Nomination and Remuneration committees carry out annual reviews of their own performance and terms of reference to ensure they are operating at maximum effectiveness and recommend any changes they consider necessary to the Board for approval.

The Board considers the results of the evaluation process and any issues identified. The above evaluations were conducted in May 2011 and were presented to the Board at the September 2011 Board meeting in respect of the year under review.

Shareholders

Ryanair recognises the importance of communications with shareholders. Ryanair communicates with all of its shareholders following the release of quarterly and annual results directly via road shows, investor days and/or by conference calls. The Chief Executive, senior financial, operational, and commercial management participate in these events.

During the year ended March 31, 2012 the Company held discussions with a substantial number of institutional investors.

The Board is kept informed of the views of shareholders through the executive director’s and executive management’s attendance at investor presentations and results presentations. Furthermore, relevant feedback from such meetings and investor relations analyst reports are provided to the entire Board on a regular basis. In addition, the Board determines, on a case by case basis, specific issues where it would be appropriate for the Chairman and/or Senior Independent Director to communicate directly with shareholders or to indicate that they are available to communicate if shareholders so wish. If any of the non-executive directors wishes to attend meetings with major shareholders, arrangements are made accordingly.

General Meetings

All shareholders are given adequate notice of the AGM at which the Chairman reviews the results and comments on current business activity. Financial, operational and other information on the Company is provided on our website at www.ryanair.com.

Ryanair will continue to propose a separate resolution at the AGM on each substantially separate issue, including a separate resolution relating to the Directors’ Report and financial statements. In order to comply with the 2010 Code, proxy votes will be announced at the AGM, following each vote on a show of hands, except in the event of a poll being called. The Board Chairman and the Chairmen of the Audit and Remuneration Committees are available to answer questions from all shareholders.

The Chief Executive makes a presentation at the Annual General Meeting on the Group’s business and its performance during the prior year and answers questions from shareholders. The AGM affords shareholders the opportunity to question the Chairman and the Board.

All holders of Ordinary Shares are entitled to attend, speak and vote at general meetings of the Company, subject to limitations described under note “Limitations on the Right to Own Shares” on page 114. In accordance with Irish company law, the Company specifies record dates for general meetings, by which date shareholders must be registered in the Register of Members of the Company to be entitled to attend. Record dates are specified in the notes to the Notice convening the meeting.

Shareholders may exercise their right to vote by appointing a proxy/proxies, by electronic means or in writing, to vote some or all of their shares. The requirements for the receipt of valid proxy forms are set out in the notes to the Notice convening the Meeting.

A shareholder or group of shareholders, holding at least 5% of the issued share capital has the right to requisition a general meeting. A shareholder, or a group of shareholders, holding at least 3% of the issued share capital of the Company, has the right to put an item on the agenda of an AGM or to table a draft resolution for an item on the agenda of the general meeting provided that such item is accompanied by reasons justifying its inclusion or the full text of any draft resolution proposed to be adopted at the general meeting. A request by a member to put an item on the agenda or to table a draft resolution shall be received by the company in hardcopy form or in electronic form at least 42 days before the AGM to which it relates.

Notice of the Annual General Meeting and the Form of Proxy are sent to shareholders at least twenty-one working days before the meeting. The Company’s Annual Report is available on the Company’s website, www.ryanair.com. The 2012 Annual General Meeting will be held at 9am on September 21, 2012 in the Radisson Blu Hotel, Dublin Airport, Co Dublin, Ireland.

All general meetings other than the Annual General Meeting are called Extraordinary General Meetings (EGMs). An EGM must be called by giving at least twenty-one clear days’ notice. Except in relation to an adjourned meeting, three members, present in person or by proxy, entitled to vote upon the business to be transacted, shall be a quorum. The passing of resolutions at a general meeting, other than special resolution, requires a simple majority. To be passed, a special resolution requires a majority of at least 75% of the votes cast. Votes may be given in person by a show of hands, or by proxy.

At the Meeting, after each resolution has been dealt with, details are given of the level of proxy votes cast on each resolution and the numbers for, against and withheld. This information is made available on the Company’s website following the meeting.

Risk Management and Internal Control

The directors have overall responsibility for the Company’s system of risk management and internal control and for reviewing its effectiveness. The directors acknowledge their responsibility for the system of risk management and internal control which is designed to manage rather than eliminate the risk of failure to achieve business objectives, and can provide only reasonable and not absolute assurance against material misstatement or loss.

In accordance with the revised FRC (Turnbull) guidance for directors on internal control published in October 2005, ‘Internal Control: Revised Guidance for Directors on the Combined Code’, the Board confirms that there is an ongoing process for identifying, evaluating and managing any significant risks faced by the Group, that it has been in place for the year under review and up to the date of approval of the financial statements and that this process is regularly reviewed by the Board.

In accordance with the provisions of the 2010 Code the directors review the effectiveness of the Company’s system of internal control including:

• Financial
• Operational
• Compliance
• Risk Management

The Board is ultimately responsible for the Company’s system of risk management and internal controls and for monitoring its effectiveness. The key procedures that have been established to provide effective risk management and internal control include:

• a strong and independent Board which meets at least 4 times a year and has separate Chief Executive and Chairman roles;
• a clearly defined organisational structure along functional lines and a clear division of responsibility and authority in the Company;
• a comprehensive system of internal financial reporting which includes preparation of detailed monthly management accounts, providing key performance indicators and financial results for each major function within the Company;
• preparation and issue of financial reports to shareholders and the markets, including the Annual Report and consolidated financial statements, is overseen by the Audit Committee. The Company’s financial reporting process is controlled using documented accounting policies and reporting formats, supplemented by detailed instructions and guidance on reporting requirements. The Company’s processes support the integrity and quality of data, including appropriate segregation of duties. The financial information of the parent entity and all subsidiary entities, which form the basis for the preparation of the consolidated financial statements are subject to scrutiny by Group level senior management. The Company’s financial reports, financial guidance, and Annual Report and consolidated financial statements are also reviewed by the Audit Committee of the Board in advance of being presented to the full Board for their review and approval;
• quarterly reporting of the financial performance with a management discussion and analysis of results;
• weekly Management Committee meetings, comprising of heads of departments, to review the performance and activities of each department in the Company;
• detailed budgetary process which includes identifying risks and opportunities and which is ultimately approved at Board level;
• Board approved capital expenditure and Audit Committee approved treasury policies which clearly define authorisation limits and procedures;
• an internal audit function which reviews key financial/business processes and controls, and which has full and unrestricted access to the Audit Committee;
• an Audit Committee which approves audit plans, considers significant control matters raised by management and the internal and external auditors and which is actively monitoring the Company’s compliance with section 404 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002;
• established systems and procedures to identify, control and report on key risks. Exposure to these risks is monitored by the Audit Committee and the Management Committee; and
• a risk management programme in place throughout the Company whereby executive management reviews and monitors the controls in place, both financial and non financial, to manage the risks facing the business.

On behalf of the Board, the Audit Committee has reviewed the effectiveness of the Company’s system of risk management and internal control for the year ended March 31, 2012 and has reported thereon to the Board.

The Board has delegated to executive management the planning and implementation of the systems of internal control within an established framework which applies throughout the Company.

Takeover Bids Directive

Information regarding rights and obligations attached to shares are set forth in Note 15 on pages 169 to 171 of the consolidated financial statements.

Shares in the Ryanair employee share schemes carry no control rights and shares are only issued (and gain voting rights) when options are exercised by employees.

Ryanair’s Articles of Association do not contain any restrictions on voting rights. However, there are provisions in the Articles which allow the directors to (amongst other things) suspend the voting rights of a share if the Board believes the number of non-qualifying nationals holding shares in Ryanair would put it in breach of the Air Navigation Acts and licences and permits which allow it to operate. This is not an absolute restriction and can only occur if the Board designates a number of shares to be so restricted.

Ryanair has not received any notifications from shareholders (as shareholders are obliged to do) regarding any agreements between shareholders which might result in restrictions on the transfer of shares. Details of the rules concerning the removal and appointment of the directors are set out above as part of this Directors’ Report. There are no specific rules regarding the amendment of the Company’s Articles of Association.

Details of the Company’s share buy-back programme are set forth on page 109 of the Annual Report. The shareholders approved the power of the Company to buy back shares at the 2006 AGM and at subsequent AGM’s.

None of the significant agreements to which the Company is party to, contain change of control provisions. As referred to above in this Director’s Report, Mr. Michael O’Leary’s employment agreement does not contain provisions providing for compensation on his termination.

Going Concern

After making enquiries, the directors have formed a judgment, at the time of approving the financial statements, that there is a reasonable expectation that the Company and the Group as a whole have adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. For this reason, they continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the financial statements. The directors’ responsibility for preparing the financial statements is explained on page 28 and the reporting responsibilities of the auditors are set out in their report on page 30.

Compliance Statement

Ryanair has complied, throughout the year ended March 31, 2012, with the provisions set out in the UK Corporate Governance Code and the requirements set out in the Irish Corporate Governance Annex except as outlined below. The Group has not complied with the following provisions of the 2010 Code, but continues to review these situations on an ongoing basis:

• Non-executive directors participate in the Company’s share option plans. The 2010 Code requires that, if exceptionally, share options are granted to non-executive directors that shareholder approval should be sought in advance and any shares acquired by exercise of the options should be held until at least one year after the non-executive director leaves the board. In accordance with the 2010 Code, the Company sought and received shareholder approval to make certain stock option grants to its non-executive directors and as described above, the Board believes the quantum of options granted to non-executive directors is not so significant to impair their independence.
• Certain non-executive directors, namely Mr. David Bonderman, Mr. James Osborne, Mr. Kyran McLaughlin, Mr. Michael Horgan, Mr. Klaus Kirchberger and Mr. Paolo Pietrogrande, have each served more than nine years on the Board without being offered for annual re-election. As described further above, given the other significant commercial and professional commitments of these non-executive directors, and taking into account that their independence is considered annually by the Board, the Board does not consider their independence to be impaired in this regard.

On behalf of the Board

D. Bonderman

Chairman